Ethanolic Extract of Combined Cynodon dactylon and Mimosa pudica Ameliorated Experimentally Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Wistar Rats

Abstract

Cynodon dactylon (CD) and Mimosa pudica (MP) have been known in folk medicine to relieve urinary troubles, and scientific studies have demonstrated their anti-inflammatory, diuretic, nerve regenerative, antispasmodic, pain alleviation, and muscle relaxant potentials. This study attempted to screen extract of CD and MP combination (CDMP) for its ability to ameliorate experimentally induced prostatic hyperplasia in the rat model, which could serve as possible management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Twenty adult male Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups. Groups A (normal control) and B (induced BPH control) received oral administration of distilled water, while IBPH groups C, and D received oral administration of low dose (LD) 0.46 g/ml and high dose (HD) 0.92 g/ml of CDMP extract per Kg BW, respectively for four weeks. Blood samples were collected from each rat to determine prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentrations. Caudal epididymal sperm count, and testicular weight and histological examination were also evaluated. The CDMP ethanolic extract caused a significant (p<0.05) reduction in PSA levels and relative weight of the prostate in the treated rats. The relative weight of testis was significantly higher in CDMP treated groups. The sperm count in all IBPH groups was significantly (p<0.05) reduced. Evidence of recoveries was observed in prostates of CDMP treated groups with an increase in the fibromuscular, interacinar tissue, thinning of the prostate epithelium, and stroma. The findings suggest that ethanolic extracts of Cynodon dactylon and Mimosa pudica can serve as a potential candidate in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia and its symptoms.