Exploring the Impact of Population Growth on Air Quality: A Case Study of Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

This study explores the relationship between population growth, urbanization, and air quality in Shiraz, Iran, from 2020 to 2025. Using a quantitative approach, the study analyzes the correlation between the Air Quality Index (AQI), particulate matter less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5), particulate matter less than 10 µm (PM10), and population density. Data was collected from government sources, focusing on changes in pollution levels and urban development. The findings reveal a moderate positive correlation between AQI and both PM2.5 and PM10, indicating that particulate matter significantly impacts air quality. However, the correlation between AQI and population density is weak, suggesting that factors like infrastructure and urban planning may mitigate the effects of population growth. The study highlights the complex interactions between urban expansion, air pollution, and public health, emphasizing the need for sustainable urban policies.