Stem Cells and Treatment of Infertility: A Literature Review

Abstract

Infertility by the inability to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months of consistent, unprotected sexual intercourse or due to an individual’s diminished capacity to reproduce independently or with a partneris characterized. This paper aims to comprehensively explore infertility treatments, emphasizing the potential role of stem cells in offering effective and safe solutions. Additionally, it delves into the legal and regulatory challenges associated with stem cell research, focusing on the legislative frameworks in six major European countries. For individuals who do not benefit from traditional assisted reproductive technologies (ART), stem cell-based treatments present a promising alternative. However, ethical dilemmas and unresolved immunological concerns continue to pose significant barriers, necessitating further robust research to facilitate widespread adoption of these therapies. The ethical controversy surrounding the use of human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) arises from the requirement to destroy human embryonic tissue during their extraction. Despite these challenges, stem cell research has paved the way for significant advancements in infertility treatment. Addressing the intricate ethical and legal questions linked to these therapies will require the development of standardized, evidence-based guidelines and best practices, ensuring that patients' reproductive rights while adhering to the foundational principles of medical ethicsare upheld.